Enzimes reactions , are hundred times faster than reciprocal reactions do not catalyzed Enzimes are highly specific for reagents, or substratum , over it they react. The specific grade for one substratum is variable. Many enzimes has stereo-specificity , that means they only react on one substratum stereo-isomer.
Maybe the most important general aspect of enzimes specificity is the specificity of reaction , that is, the absence of arising underproducts wasting. We can take the specificity of reaction by the exceptional yelds of products, which are essentially 100%. The efficiency of enzimes does not only save pure energy for cell, but it doesn't allow the accumulation of under products highly toxic arised from metabolic reactions also.
The most part of enzimes is designed for the addiction of the suffix "-ase" to the name of substratum over which they react, or to the designed name of reactions they catalyse.
One International Biochemystry Commission published one scheme of classification that assing one number to each enzime and that classify enzimes in six groups according to the general class of chemistry reaction they calatyse:
1. Oxirredutases catalyse oxireductions reactions. The most part of these enzimes is known as dehydrogenases, but some of them are named as oxidases, peroxidases, oxigenases or redutases.2. Transferases catalyse reactions of transference of chemical groups. Many reactions need the presence of coenzimes. These enzimes or their coenzimes generally binde (covalent) to one part of substratum molecule.
3. Hidrolases catalyse hydrolisys. They are one special class of transferases, with water working as acceptor of transfered group.
4. Liases catalyse elliminations reactions not-hydrolitical nor oxidation, or lysis, of one substratum in reactions which arise double binding. In the opposite sense, liases catalyse addiction of one substratum to one double binding of one second substratum. One liase which catalyse one reaction of addiciton in cells is frequently named as one sintase
5. Isomerases catalyse isomerism reactions. As these reactions have only one substratum and one product, they generally are the simplest enzimatic reactions.
6. Ligases catalyse binding, or union of two substratums in syntesis reactions which require the entry of potential chemical energy from one triphosfate nucleoside like ATP. Ligases are generally designed as sintetases